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That Work With Young Children

   

***This article was written by the National Association for the Education of Young Children, in their magazine "Young Children" November 1984.***

Q. We have used worksheets at our preschool for years. The   children love them and the parents like this evidence that their children are learning. Now our new director says we can't use dittoes anymore. She hasn't convinced us. Can you?

A. Workbooks, worksheets, and coloring books have been used for generations. These materials have a lot in common, so we will look at some questions about children's learning that may help you find your own answers about why other activities are better for young children.

How do young children learn?

Children are naturally curious and playful. They learn when they:

bulletExplore and play
bulletInvolve their senses
bulletManipulate real objects
bulletWork together with adults and children
bulletMake meaningful plans and decisions
bulletSee the results of their actions
bulletBuild upon what they already know
bulletChildren learn best when they deal with the real world-people,
natural materials, problems to solve, their own creations.

Workbooks, worksheets, and coloring books, on the other hand, present an adult's abstract ideas and expectations. They are neither real nor active ways for children to learn about the world around them. They leave no room for creative thinking. To be honest, children don't learn much through such passive and impersonal activities. What they do learn may not be what we want them to learn, and their creativity may be inhibited when they try to duplicate an adult's art.

What should children learn?

Promoters of worksheets, workbooks, and coloring books claim that their products help children improve their small muscle coordination and identify symbols. Children will color in the space between their own drawing or writing, a much more meaningful way to develop better small muscle coordination.

Constance Kamii, well-known for her research on children's learning, points out that "motor coordination and the learning of conventional signs (letters and numbers) are surface skills that have little to do with the intellectual development that enables children to become able to read and to do arithmetic."

Children who use worksheets, workbooks, or coloring books "may learn to follow directions, blindly obey authority, to turn off their thinking, and to do only what they're told," according to Carol Seefeldt, a renowned early childhood educator.

Most of us agree that we want children to learn with enthusiasm, control themselves, make good decisions, communicate with others, and be able to predict what will happen if…? Children who think for themselves enjoy new challenges. These children have a strong foundation for becoming productive and happy adults.

"Asking children to complete worksheets may be a form of stealing" according to Carol Seefeldt. "Every time children are asked to fill in a worksheet they are being robbed of opportunities to think and learn by doing; experience individualization of instruction; learn to cooperate."

What activities are better?

Whatever your budget and no matter how limited your time, you can find an abundance of items and activities for both free and planned play that will be better learning investments for children…unit blocks, large sheets of plain paper, growing animals or plants, puzzles, sand, fingerplays, water, picture books, trees to climb, games, songs, healthy foods to cook and eat, woodworking, puppets, dress-up clothes…

Children sitting quietly with pencils or crayons in their hands and a worksheet on the table before them are probably NOT learning anything they don't already know. Worksheets, workbooks, and coloring books are a waste of time, money and energy-yours and the children's!!

 

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